ASBOG Practice Exam 2025 – Comprehensive All-in-One Guide to Ace Your Geology Licensure!

The movement of rock and soil down a slope is specifically described as a landslide. Landslides occur due to the force of gravity acting on the materials that are insufficiently anchored to the slope. Several factors can contribute to the occurrence of landslides, including excessive rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic activity, or human activities like excavation.

This natural process can result in significant hazards to people, structures, and the environment because it can happen suddenly and without much warning. As the material moves down the slope, it can gain momentum, leading to destructive outcomes. Understanding the dynamics of landslides is crucial for risk assessment and management in areas vulnerable to this type of geological hazard.

In contrast, erosion is primarily the process of wearing away and transporting material, often by water, wind, or ice, rather than a rapid downward movement of materials. Earthquakes refer to sudden ground shaking due to tectonic movements and are not specifically related to slope movement. Flooding involves an overflow of water onto land, which is a different mechanism and does not focus on the movement of soil and rock.